Class Presentation: Core Concepts and Evaluation Metrics of Diagnostic Accuracy

Thu, 21 May 2026 15:10:00 +0000

Presentation Highlights / 報告精華

Introduction & Rationale

In modern clinical practice, distinguishing between disease and non-disease states using biomarkers is a critical challenge. This presentation delves into a Q1 journal article (Impact Factor: 5.2) to explore how optimal decision boundaries are formed and how covariate-specific curves can improve diagnostic accuracy.

Key Insights

Diagnostic Foundations: Clearly defining the “Index Test” (the new diagnostic tool being evaluated) versus the “Reference/Gold Standard” (the absolute truth, e.g., HbA1c for Type 2 Diabetes).
Evaluation Metrics: Understanding Sensitivity (True Positive Fraction) as a cornerstone metric for ensuring accurate classification and minimizing false negatives.
Covariate Challenges: Addressing how population differences (covariates) impact the positive thresholds, and utilizing D-dimer for Venous Thromboembolism (VTE) as a real-world clinical application scenario.

Practical Application

Accurately assessing these diagnostic metrics prevents unnecessary invasive procedures and optimizes clinical decision-making when evaluating new assessment tools.

研究動機與背景

在現代臨床實務中，利用生物標記將病患正確分類為「患病」或「未患病」是一大挑戰。本次報告深入探討一篇影響因子 5.2 的 Q1 期刊文獻，解析如何透過特定協變數曲線與指標，來容納群體間的差異並制定最佳決策邊界。

核心發現

診斷準確性基礎：釐清「指標測試（Index Test，即受評估的新型診斷工具）」與「參考標準（Reference Standard，即絕對真相，如檢測糖尿病的糖化血色素）」的差異。
核心評估指標：探討「敏感度（Sensitivity，真陽性率）」作為關鍵指標的數學邏輯，確保檢測能正確超過陽性閾值。
協變數的臨床應用：探討協變數干擾問題，並以 D-dimer（D-雙聚體）檢測靜脈血栓栓塞（VTE）作為實際的臨床應用案例進行分析。

實務建議

精準評估檢測工具的準確度與閾值，能有效避免病患接受不必要的侵入性醫療程序，將臨床誤診的機率降到最低。

報告紀錄與影音 (Presentation Recording)

(If the video does not display properly, you can watch it directly on YouTube.)

報告資訊 / Presentation Info

Presenter / 報告人: Ying-Chu Chen (陳映竹), Ph.D. Candidate
Instructor / 授課教師: Lu, Tsui-Shan, Ph.D.
Course / 課程: Categorical Data Analysis (類別資料分析)
Location / 地點: Department of Mathematics, Gongguan Campus, NTNU (師大公館校區數學系)
Lab / 實驗室: Physical Activity & Cognitive Neuroscience Lab (PACNL), NTNU

Diagnostic Accuracy | Steve Ying-Chu Chen's CV website

Class Presentation: Core Concepts and Evaluation Metrics of Diagnostic Accuracy

Presentation Highlights / 報告精華

報告紀錄與影音 (Presentation Recording)

報告資訊 / Presentation Info